Ashtanga: Yoga's 8-limb framework
Ashta means "eight" and anga "limb." This refers to the eight-fold path named in the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, a sacred yoga text of over 195 statements, which describes yoga as a holistic spiritual tradition. The eight limbs correspond to the following:
- Yama: "The Golden Rule"
ahimsa (non-violence)
satya (truthfulness)
asteya (non-stealing)
brahmacharya (continence)
aparigraha (non-covetousness)
- Niyama: Restraints
Saucha (cleanliness)
Santosha (contentment)
Tapas (heat, spiritual austerities)
Svadhyaya (Study of sacred scriptures and one’s self)
Isvara pranidhana (surrender to the divine)
- Asana: Physical postures of yoga
- Pranayama: Breath control
- Pratyahara: Sense Withdrawal, attention is internally directed
- Dharana: Concentration, focusing on a single point or drishti
- Dhyana: Meditation or Contemplation (being keenly aware without focus)
- Samadhi: Merging with the object of meditation